Cutting edge: all-trans retinoic acid down-regulates TLR2 expression and function.

All-trans Retinoic Acid Regulates the Balance of Treg-Th17 Cells through ERK and P38 Signaling Pathway

The effect of bilateral intrahippocampal injection of all–trans retinoic acid on spatial learning in adult male rats.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that vitamin A and its derivatives such as retinoid and all-trans retinoic acid have a crucial role in memory, learning and synaptic plasticity. The receptors of vitamin A are seen in different parts of the brain such as hippocampus, where vitamin A has an important role in learning. In this study, the effect of intrahippocampal (CA1) injection of al...

تاثیر غلظت‌های مختلف ال- ترانس رتینوئیک اسید بر رشد و بقای سلول‌های بنیادی فولیکول‌ موی موش سوری

Background and Objective: Hair follicle stem cells are multipotent, located in the bulge area, and are highly proliferating. Retinoids have an effect on epidermal differentiation and keratinization. Retinoic acid is used to treat some skin diseases such as Melasma, Acne and Ichthyosis. So, the study of all-trans retinoic acid effect on hair follicle stem cells and determination of the effective...

The administration of retinoic acid down-regulates cAMP-responsive element modulator (CREM) mRNA in vitamin A-deficient testes.

Studies using genetics and vitamin A deficiency (VAD) have shown that vitamin A and retinoids play essential roles in spermatogenesis at the pre-meiotic stage. To understand the mechanisms of control in spermatogenesis by retinoic acid, we investigated whether retinoic acids regulate the expression of downstream transcription factors that are essential for spermatogenesis. In this study, we fou...

Gelatin Microspheres for the Controlled Release of All-trans-Retinoic Acid Topical Formulation and Drug Delivery Evaluation

A topical o/w cream containing tretinoin microspheres was prepared. Gelatin microspheres of tretinoin were prepared using coacervation method. These microspheres contained about 50% w/w tretinoin. The particle size range of microspheres was between 90-150 m m. In vitro drug release from microspheres and a cream formulation was studied. It was shown that drug release from microspheres followed H...